Understanding culture key to war

James Harrison
After five years of hard fighting, I think both those who are in favor of the Iraq war and those opposing it can both agree: It’s a mess.
Exactly why it’s a mess and whether it’s an irredeemable mess are certainly debatable points.
Many supporters of the war, such as President Bush and presumptive Republican presidential nominee John McCain, see significant progress having been made since the so-called “surge” took effect.
The cover story of Sunday’s New York Times Magazine featured McCain, and a large amount of insight into his views on the Iraq war. The piece argued that McCain viewed the Vietnam War as a conflict that was badly run until 1968, when Gen. Creighton Abrams took over with a new strategy to win the hearts and minds of the populace.
According the Times, McCain’s view was that if the American people did not demand an end to that war, Abrams would have led the United States to victory.
Today, McCain is advocating in Iraq the same type of tactics that Abrams sought to bring to Vietnam.
He feels that if the U.S. can win the hearts and minds of the Iraqi people, it will eventually overcome the insurgency.
On paper, it’s a sound theory.
The major problem seems to be that the American Army seems to be sabotaging its own strategy.
The news recently broke that an American soldier stationed in Iraq used a Quran for target practice as well as a canvas for graffiti.
The sheer idiocy of this is staggering.
We’re living in a world where if a cartoonist simply draws a picture of the Prophet Muhammad, it is greeted with scorn and protests. What did the soldier and those who knew about it think would happen when the incident became public?
Perhaps a better question to ask is what would Americans think if we discovered that the insurgents had been using Bibles as target practice?
Most disturbing is the way in which the incident was discovered. The bullet hole-ridden book was found by Iraqi police on May 11 after American forces withdrew from the area. This means that not only was the book desecrated, but the evidence left out in the open.
I don’t mean to excuse or belittle the action, but even a 5-year-old should know better than to leave the evidence of wrongdoing out in the open.
The only answer is that the soldier who did it — as well as any who knew about it — saw no problem in leaving it to be found.
How are we supposed to win the hearts and minds of the people when our soldiers seem to lack even a basic understanding of their culture?
The Army has taken several steps to apologize for the incident, including one American officer kissing and presenting a Quran copy to local tribal leaders.
What the generals should be concentrating on is trying to figure out why it happened instead of trying to make up for it.
For the moment, the reality is that our forces are in there and dealing with the reality on the ground. Iraq is a mess, and while stuff like this is going, it’s just going to get messier.
James Harrison is a State News columnist. Reach him at harri310@msu.edu .
Published on Tuesday, May 20, 2008

Comments
who did?
05/20/08 @ 10:23pm
“what would Americans think if we discovered that the insurgents had been using Bibles as target practice?”
I already assumed they do.
Steve
05/21/08 @ 1:13am
I say shoot at them both. The Koran is just as worthless as the Bible.
Get Your Facts Straight
05/21/08 @ 9:06am
I wouldnt care if arabs were shooting bibles. (I also assumed they did).
Why would that upset me I am not a religious fundamentalist.
Its not like we ran commercial airplanes into their largest buildings killing thousands of innocent civilians.
bbwhine
05/21/08 @ 9:13am
John McCain while a true hero of a thankless war stating that the Abrams doctrine was working may be viewing it from a narrow window. After 1968 winning the hearts and minds was not really working much at all in the areas I was in from 69 to 70, my narrow window. Most guys I knew in other areas after 68 didn’t see much love for US troops either. The ARVN troops still depended on the US to be out front and avoided combat if possible, especially if they knew the US troops would take up the slack. At least you can’t say they were stupid. Again, not all ARVN troops held back but a significant number did and this showed that the will of the south was no match for the north, THE deciding factor. If you don’t have the people behind you, you will never win. So far in Iraq it doesn’t appear the people are really backing the US either, most like all the money being spent but aren’t thrilled having troops. Some do want troops but not because they love us, it keeps the wolf off their doorstep so to speak. Not sure the dems have much of a real solution either but after 6+ years of no results it’s time to try something different. Maybe even capturing/killing Osama some time in the next few years would help dampen down jehad fervor a little.
Bill Lumberg
05/21/08 @ 9:26am
“Perhaps a better question to ask is what would Americans think if we discovered that the insurgents had been using Bibles as target practice?”, seriously? The SN uses the Bible as target practice all the time we call him Bice. So what you are saying James is that if Christians dropped death threats and beheaded people every time Christ, the Bible, or their religion was attacked or desecrated you would see a need for people to stop expressing themselves in a manner that is deemed offensive to Christians? What a crock of shit, the Quran just like the Bible is a religious document and just because someone believes in what is written within, does not give ANYONE the right to kill or bully others that do not believe, no matter what your culture.
SN so funy
05/21/08 @ 10:02am
“ .. This means that not only was the book desecrated, but the evidence left out in the open ..”
Oh, yeah. As if CedarFests are actually tea parties that just get out-of-hand.
“ .. I don’t mean to excuse or belittle the action, but even a 5-year-old should know better than to leave the evidence of wrongdoing out in the open ..”
See previous, “CedarFests.”
“ .. The only answer is that the soldier who did it — as well as any who knew about it — saw no problem in leaving it to be found ..”
Bush has apologized about this. The generals have apologized about this. Obviously, they planned this, so they could. Makes so much sense. Send this to the NYTimes hiring editor.
What is the USA doing in Iraq? From “National Geographic” —
Best MDs
Bush f’d up. Democrats f’d up. Don’t believe Mr. McCain, Democrat-guy? Well — a lot of people don’t believe Mr. Obama, despite his great ability to avoid specifics.
Zeke
05/21/08 @ 10:05am
This is why we are failing in Iraq. We expect our soldiers to act like saints while fighting people who would sacrifice women and children to hurt us. We treat captured enemy combatants better than our own homeless while our captive soldiers are tortured and beheaded on Arab television. We take a single soldier letting go of stress and frustration on a book – and it is just a book, not the whole of Islam itself – and translate it into the entire weight of the US firing upon Islam.
The American public screams to know exactly what is going on in Iraq and Afghanistan, about how we are treating prisoners, and about how many poor Iraqis are killed – but only enough to temporarily pull their heads out of the Ipods and XBoxes, cry foul, and go back to their quiet, peaceful world.
Leave the fight to the military where it belongs. Pull the journalists out. Let the hellraisers and helljumpers do their jobs and get out. Quit wringing hands over what has already been done. The fact is that we’re fighting a war, regardless of how it started. The sooner that people focus less on re-writing its beginning and accept that loss of life is required to get the job done – and that the enemy we’re fighting doesn’t play by the same rules – the sooner we can get out.
Maynard
05/21/08 @ 12:37pm
james harrison:
superior firepower is the key to this war, not “understanding” the enemy’s culture. superior firepower also means fighting a war, not tying the Military’s hands with politics like they are now. (See WWI, WWII, Korea for examples of superior firepower and keys to victory)
Your column is complete and utter bull-sh*t! so is your childish world view.
Kill ‘em all and let God sort ‘em out!
Death from above!
Don’t tread on me.
Rod
05/22/08 @ 9:03am
To me, it seems that this column places inordinate blame for the failures of the war on individual soldiers rather than where it belongs—on the war planners. In any military of hundreds of thousands, there will always be people who will do bad things, regardless of training.
One Marine I know said, on leaving for his second tour, that now (after the successful invasion) his job would be to be a policeman, and that his training (to attack without holding anything back) ran counter to that. He was right, both then and now. The Iraqi war, like the Viet Nam war, is fundamentally different from wars that feature easily identifiable armies trying to push each other back across easily identifiable boundaries. This is why McCain’s analogies to Korea and Germany, etc., don’t work. Iraq, after the initial invasion, has become a long-term police action, where the bad guys hide within the populace and only emerge for cowardly sneak attacks. Effective counter-measures can only be local in nature, using local personnel. Here in the U.S., we wouldn’t expect police from Iraq, however well trained, to effectively control Detroit. The language barrier alone would make it impossible. This is the single conceptual and logical error which undermined and probably doomed the Iraqi war from the start. If it had been possible to invade, remove Saddam, and quickly leave behind a free and democratic Iraq—then the war would have been a sound idea. But the inevitable aftermath, given the history and geography of the country, involving hundreds of thousands of our troops engaged in a task compromised by their own superior firepower, meant that the Iraqis would eventually turn against us and use their newfound democracy to elect leaders which, at best, lie to our faces while simultaneously undermining our interests.
I didn’t experience Viet Nam myself, but bbwhine’s comment seems to be dead on: if the people you are trying to help don’t want your help, or only want it for reasons that work against your own reasons, then you are in serious trouble. The real problem in Iraq is that our current leaders didn’t learn the lessons of Viet Nam, and overestimated what superior military might could accomplish. They didn’t consider what would occur on the ground, at the tactical level, and that led to strategic mistakes.
If we are to avoid a disaster in Iraq that would compromise both our honor and power in the world, we have to understand the mistakes made at the beginning of this war in order to devise some way of going forward.